[{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/www.zuzaart.cz\/formy-manzelstvi-a-partnerskych-svazku\/#Article","mainEntityOfPage":"https:\/\/www.zuzaart.cz\/formy-manzelstvi-a-partnerskych-svazku\/","headline":"Formy man\u017eelstv\u00ed a partnersk\u00fdch svazk\u016f","name":"Formy man\u017eelstv\u00ed a partnersk\u00fdch svazk\u016f","description":"P\u0159\u00edpustnou formou man\u017eelstv\u00ed v\u00a0Evropsk\u00fdch kultur\u00e1ch je pouze man\u017eelstv\u00ed monogamick\u00e9. To je sou\u017eit\u00ed dvou lid\u00ed, obvykle m\u016f\u017ee a \u017eeny, kter\u00e9 uzav\u00edraj\u00ed man\u017eelsk\u00fd svazek. V\u00a0jin\u00fdch kultur\u00e1ch v\u00a0dal\u0161\u00edch koutech sv\u011bta jsou mo\u017en\u00e9 dal\u0161\u00ed formy man\u017eelstv\u00ed, kter\u00e9 m\u016f\u017ee euroatlanstick\u00e1 spole\u010dnost pova\u017eovat za nez\u00e1konn\u00e9. Ve sv\u011bt\u011b se m\u016f\u017eeme setkat s\u00a0Polygamickou formou man\u017eelstv\u00ed. Svazek uzav\u0159elo v\u00edce lid\u00ed. To se pak d\u00e1le &hellip;<p class=\"read-more\"> <a class=\"zta-button\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zuzaart.cz\/formy-manzelstvi-a-partnerskych-svazku\/\"> <span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Formy man\u017eelstv\u00ed a partnersk\u00fdch svazk\u016f<\/span>P\u0159e\u010d\u00edst<\/a><\/p>","datePublished":"2021-11-18","dateModified":"2023-06-05","author":{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/www.zuzaart.cz\/author\/#Person","name":"","url":"https:\/\/www.zuzaart.cz\/author\/","identifier":1,"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/e17b3792c8c74fa5cd7a01b6291eb930?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/e17b3792c8c74fa5cd7a01b6291eb930?s=96&d=mm&r=g","height":96,"width":96}},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"zuzaart.cz","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"\/logo.png","url":"\/logo.png","width":600,"height":60}},"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/www.zuzaart.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/pexels-jasmine-carter-888899_1.jpg","url":"https:\/\/www.zuzaart.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/pexels-jasmine-carter-888899_1.jpg","height":0,"width":0},"url":"https:\/\/www.zuzaart.cz\/formy-manzelstvi-a-partnerskych-svazku\/","about":["Vztahy"],"wordCount":980,"articleBody":"P\u0159\u00edpustnou formou man\u017eelstv\u00ed v\u00a0Evropsk\u00fdch kultur\u00e1ch je pouze man\u017eelstv\u00ed monogamick\u00e9. To je sou\u017eit\u00ed dvou lid\u00ed, obvykle m\u016f\u017ee a \u017eeny, kter\u00e9 uzav\u00edraj\u00ed man\u017eelsk\u00fd svazek. V\u00a0jin\u00fdch kultur\u00e1ch v\u00a0dal\u0161\u00edch koutech sv\u011bta jsou mo\u017en\u00e9 dal\u0161\u00ed formy man\u017eelstv\u00ed, kter\u00e9 m\u016f\u017ee euroatlanstick\u00e1 spole\u010dnost pova\u017eovat za nez\u00e1konn\u00e9. Ve sv\u011bt\u011b se m\u016f\u017eeme setkat s\u00a0Polygamickou formou man\u017eelstv\u00ed. Svazek uzav\u0159elo v\u00edce lid\u00ed. To se pak d\u00e1le d\u011bl\u00ed na polygynick\u00e9 a polyandrick\u00e9. V t\u011bchto form\u00e1ch man\u017eelstv\u00ed neplat\u00ed v\u017edy rovnopr\u00e1vn\u00ed postaven\u00ed v\u0161ech akt\u00e9r\u016f. Monogamie je man\u017eelstv\u00ed pouze dvou lid\u00ed. Jedn\u00e1 se o mu\u017ee a \u017eenu, i kdy\u017e se posledn\u00ed dobou v\u00a0n\u011bkter\u00fdch zem\u00edch za\u010d\u00edn\u00e1 tolerovat i man\u017eelstv\u00ed stejnopohlavn\u00edho p\u00e1ru. T\u00edm vznik\u00e1 nov\u00e1 forma man\u017eelstv\u00ed, kter\u00e1 nebyla v\u00a0minulosti mysliteln\u00e1. V\u00a0\u010cR je tato ot\u00e1zka \u0159e\u0161en\u00e1 institutem registrovan\u00e9ho partnerstv\u00ed. Jedn\u00e1 se o legalizaci svazku stejnopohlavn\u00edho p\u00e1ru. Ten byl v\u00a0historii pova\u017eov\u00e1n za nep\u0159\u00edpustn\u00fd a jeho akt\u00e9\u0159i byli pron\u00e1sledov\u00e1ni. Dnes se ji\u017e na\u0161t\u011bst\u00ed situace v\u00a0tomto zm\u011bnila a t\u011bmto lidem je umo\u017en\u011bn\u00e9 leg\u00e1ln\u011b uzav\u00edrat partnersk\u00e9 vztahy. Jde o trval\u00e9 spole\u010denstv\u00ed dvou osob stejn\u00e9ho pohlav\u00ed vznikl\u00e9 z\u00e1konem stanoven\u00fdm zp\u016fsobem. Registrovan\u00e9 partnerstv\u00ed uvedl v\u00a0platnost z\u00e1kon \u010d. 115\/2006 Sb. O registrovan\u00e9m partnerstv\u00ed dne 26.4 2006.\u00a0\u00a0Z\u00a0toho vypl\u00fdv\u00e1, \u017ee se jedn\u00e1 o pom\u011brn\u011b \u010derstvou zm\u011bnu. V\u00a0posledn\u00ed dob\u011b existuj\u00ed i \u010cR snahy povolit man\u017eelsk\u00fd svazek stejnopohlavn\u00edm p\u00e1r\u016fm. Co\u017e ji\u017e n\u011bkter\u00e9 st\u00e1ty umo\u017enily. Tato zm\u011bna je st\u00e1le ot\u00e1zkou diskuse. Zda je to vhodn\u00e9. Nikdo nem\u016f\u017ee pop\u0159\u00edt, \u017ee stejnopohlavn\u00ed p\u00e1r m\u016f\u017ee kvalitn\u011b vychov\u00e1vat d\u011bti a t\u00edm plnit jedno ze z\u00e1kladn\u00edch posl\u00e1n\u00ed ka\u017ed\u00e9 formy man\u017eelstv\u00ed. Nicm\u00e9n\u011b dal\u0161\u00ed posl\u00e1n\u00ed, jako je reprodukce a v\u00fdchova vlastn\u00edch potomk\u016f v\u00a0rodi\u010dovsk\u00e9m partnerstv\u00ed, kter\u00e1 je pova\u017eov\u00e1na za\u00a0hlavn\u00ed posl\u00e1n\u00ed man\u017eelstv\u00ed, m\u016f\u017ee tato forma sou\u017eit\u00ed plnit jen t\u011b\u017eko. Polygamie je \u00fa\u010dast mu\u017ee, nebo \u017eeny ve v\u00edce man\u017eelsk\u00fdch vztaz\u00edch. Ta se d\u00e1le d\u011bl\u00ed na polygynii a polyandrii. S\u00a0polygyni\u00ed se m\u016f\u017eeme setkat v\u00a0Africe, Mikron\u00e9sii a na Sumat\u0159e. Nej\u010dast\u011bji je spojov\u00e1na s\u00a0Isl\u00e1msk\u00fdm n\u00e1bo\u017eenstv\u00edm, kter\u00e9 tuto formu man\u017eelstv\u00ed umo\u017e\u0148uje. Mno\u017estv\u00ed \u017een, se\u00a0kter\u00fdmi m\u016f\u017ee mu\u017e uzav\u0159\u00edt s\u0148atek nen\u00ed omezen\u00e9. Mohamed sice doporu\u010duje omezit po\u010det man\u017eelek na \u010dty\u0159i, proto\u017ee mu\u017e mus\u00ed plnit sv\u00e9 povinnosti v\u016f\u010di nim rovn\u00fdm d\u00edlem, nicm\u00e9n\u011b to nen\u00ed z\u00e1vazn\u00e9.Polygamie nebyla dom\u00e9nou jen Isl\u00e1mu, nebo dal\u0161\u00edch pro Evropu odli\u0161n\u00fdch kultur, ale v\u00a0minulosti i pro n\u011bkter\u00e9 k\u0159es\u0165ansk\u00e9 spolky. Jako p\u0159\u00edklad poslou\u017e\u00ed Mormoni, kde se polygamie provozovala. Nicm\u00e9n\u011b to je ot\u00e1zka minulosti. V\u00a0sou\u010dasn\u00e9 dob\u011b i Mormoni tento typ svazku zakazuj\u00ed. To jen potvrzuje, \u017ee man\u017eelsk\u00fd svazek i v\u00a0na\u0161ich kulturn\u00edch sf\u00e9r\u00e1ch si pro\u0161el sv\u00fdm v\u00fdvojem, ne\u017e se ust\u00e1lil v\u00a0monogamii. \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0M\u00e9n\u011b roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159enou formou Polygamie je Polyandrie, kdy jedna \u017eena je ve svazku s\u00a0v\u00edce mu\u017ei. Vznik\u00e1 tam, kde mu\u017e zvl\u00e1dne podporovat man\u017eelku jen omezen\u011b. P\u0159\u00edkladem je Tibet. N\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00e9 \u017eivotn\u00ed podm\u00ednky v\u00a0hor\u00e1ch neposkytuj\u00ed dostatek p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitost\u00ed pro ob\u017eivu, a proto je pro mu\u017ee probl\u00e9m postarat se o rodinu a zabezpe\u010dit jej\u00ed pot\u0159eby. Pokud si dva, nebo t\u0159i mu\u017ei vezmou jednu man\u017eelku, tak se n\u00e1klady na zaji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed rodiny d\u011bl\u00ed. V\u0161echny d\u011bti vychov\u00e1vaj\u00ed spole\u010dn\u011b. V\u0161echny d\u011bti jsou legitimn\u00ed a v\u00a0\u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 dom\u00e1cnosti nechyb\u00ed mu\u017esk\u00fd vzor. V\u00a0dne\u0161n\u00ed dob\u011b se vede dialog o krizi man\u017eelstv\u00ed. To vych\u00e1z\u00ed z\u00a0faktu, \u017ee se polovina man\u017eelstv\u00ed rozpad\u00e1. Z\u00e1rove\u0148 kles\u00e1 po\u010det uzav\u0159en\u00fdch s\u0148atk\u016f a zvy\u0161uje se v\u011bk pro vstup do prvn\u00edho man\u017eelstv\u00ed. Man\u017eelstv\u00ed je n\u011bkdy nahrazov\u00e1no jin\u00fdmi alternativn\u00edmi formy partnersk\u00e9ho \u017eivota. Jako je \u017eivot v\u00a0komunit\u00e1ch, nesezdan\u00e1 sou\u017eit\u00ed, nebo \u017eivot bez partnera. Do\u010dasn\u00e9 nesezdan\u00e9 sou\u017eit\u00ed, kter\u00e9 je v\u0161eobecn\u011b vn\u00edm\u00e1no, jako man\u017eelstv\u00ed na zkou\u0161ku. B\u00fdv\u00e1 to prvn\u00ed forma sou\u017eit\u00ed snoubenc\u016f a je to p\u0159edstupe\u0148 s\u0148atku. Hlavn\u00ed d\u016fvod vstupu do man\u017eelstv\u00ed z\u00a0tohoto sou\u017eit\u00ed b\u00fdv\u00e1 po\u010det\u00ed d\u00edt\u011bte.\u00a0Jin\u00fdm svazkem je sou\u017eit\u00ed bez pap\u00edru. P\u00e1r zalo\u017e\u00ed rodinu, ani\u017e by vstoupil do man\u017eelstv\u00ed. S\u0148atek pro n\u011b nen\u00ed d\u016fle\u017eit\u00fd. Nejsou v\u00e1z\u00e1ni \u017e\u00e1dnou spole\u010denskou smlouvou. Jejich c\u00edlem je spole\u010dn\u00e9 sou\u017eit\u00ed zalo\u017een\u00e9 na vz\u00e1jemn\u00e9m vztahu a na v\u00fdchov\u011b d\u011bt\u00ed. N\u011bkter\u00e9 skupiny lid\u00ed se domn\u00edvaj\u00ed, \u017ee je to v\u00fdhodn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed forma sou\u017eit\u00ed ne\u017e man\u017eelstv\u00ed. Dal\u0161\u00edm typem sou\u017eit\u00ed je kari\u00e9rn\u00ed. Jde o sou\u017eit\u00ed mu\u017ee a \u017eeny, kte\u0159\u00ed spolu nepl\u00e1nuj\u00ed d\u011bti. Up\u0159ednost\u0148uj\u00ed kari\u00e9ru p\u0159ed zalo\u017een\u00edm rodiny a vyhovuje jim sou\u017eit\u00ed jen ve dvou. Pak tu m\u00e1me single. To jsou lid\u00e9, kte\u0159\u00ed preferuj\u00ed \u017eivot bez st\u00e1l\u00e9ho partnera. Navazuj\u00ed pouze kr\u00e1tkodob\u00e9 vztahy, kter\u00e9 nikdy z\u00a0obavy mo\u017en\u00fdch z\u00e1vazk\u016f nenechaj\u00ed p\u0159er\u016fst do hlub\u0161\u00edho vztahu. P\u0159es v\u0161echny formy partnersk\u00e9ho sou\u017eit\u00ed m\u00e1 klasick\u00e9 man\u017eelstv\u00ed ve funguj\u00edc\u00ed rodin\u011b nezastupiteln\u00e9 postaven\u00ed jak pro jedince, tak pro spole\u010dnost.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        4\/5 - (8 votes)        "},{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BreadcrumbList","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Formy man\u017eelstv\u00ed a partnersk\u00fdch svazk\u016f","item":"https:\/\/www.zuzaart.cz\/formy-manzelstvi-a-partnerskych-svazku\/#breadcrumbitem"}]}]